In the 4th century BC, a great line divided the commerce of the Mediterranean: the Aegean, Adriatic and Ionian seas were largely controlled by the maritime cities of the Greeks (in Greece, Asia Minor, and, after Alexander the Great, Egypt), while the western Mediterranean was the commercial zone of the Carthaginians, with the exception of the Tyrrhenian Sea, which Carthage shared with the Etruscans and the Greek colonies of southern Italy.įirst treaty, 509 BC Date With respect to maritime commerce, the Romans simply entrusted themselves to the Etruscan and Greek fleets. The Roman economy and social structure began to incorporate the results of these wars: taking loot or tribute, redistributing conquered land, and in all cases, requiring the subjugated peoples to supply troops in support of Rome (becoming socii, or allies).
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For the first several centuries of its history, Rome was involved in a lengthy series of wars with its neighbours, which resulted in the Roman army's specialization in land warfare. Rome was founded only seventy years after Carthage (in 753 BC, following Varronian chronology). Carthage and Rome also concluded two treaties to end the First and Second Punic War in 241 BC and 201 BC, by which time the relationship between the powers had changed considerably. By stipulating and observing four main treaties, the relationship between Rome and Carthage was one of tolerance for centuries. Their economic interests and methods of expansion were different: Rome did not look to the sea, engaged first in defending itself against the neighbouring Samnites, Etruscans, Gauls, and Greeks, and then in conquering them Carthage, lacking a real civic army and repelled in Sicily by the Greeks, appeared indecisive regarding its expansion strategy: while the aristocratic party was inclined to extend the power of the city into surrounding lands, the commercial party was more interested in exploiting trade routes and markets. For centuries, the two operated side by side, even as allies. They reveal changes in how Rome perceived itself and how Carthage perceived Rome, and the differences between the perception of the cities and their actual characteristics.Īs city-states that became empires, Rome and Carthage eventually found it necessary to formalise their reciprocal interests and zones of influence. The treaties influenced the course of history in the Mediterranean, and are important for understanding the relationship between the two most important cities of the region during that era. The treaties between Rome and Carthage are the four treaties between the two states that were signed between 509 BC and 279 BC. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.įour treaties, signed between 509 and 279 BCE.You should also add the template to the talk page.A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Wikipedia article at ] see its history for attribution. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation.If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality.Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 2,719 articles in the main category, and specifying |topic= will aid in categorization.Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.View a machine-translated version of the Italian article.
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